Theresa is the paramount chief , or Inkosi, of the Dedza District in the central region of Malawi. She was the youngest of 12 siblings.She married and had children- all boys. Theresa for 27 years worked as a secretary for the College of Zambia District in southern Malawi. In 2003 the chiefs of the district chose her to be the next senior chief of the district, a district of 900, 000 people… She found that there were high rates of child marriage in her district- children aged 7 and upwards. She could not persuade parents to change their views but was able to convince community leaders to change the civil code to ban early marriages. 50 sub-chiefs agreed to abolish early marriage and annul existing unions. In 2015 a law was passed which prevented marriage before 18. But the constitution and customary law administered by traditional authorities still said children could still marry if the parents agreed. By 2019 she had managed to have over 3,500 early marriages annulled. She is now working to raise the legal age in Mallawi to 21. Her actions have brought her international recognition. UN Women and UNICEF plan to work with traditional leaders elsewhere to replicate the best practices of Theresa. Educate a girl and you educate the whole area- You educate the world Theresa Kachindamoto Sources used Wikipedia Herstory by Katherine Hallidan

The race to get to be first to the North Pole and then the South Pole. The American Charles Francis Hall (1821-71) made 3 expeditions and sailed further north than anyone else - he was the first person to visit the north shore of Greenland. Fridtjof Nansen (1861-1930) was a Norwegian explorer, inventor, scientist, diplomat and humanitarian. In 1888 led the first crossing of the Greenland interior traversing the island on cross-country skis… They reached 86 degrees 14 in his Fram expedition (1893-6). The Fram was specially built using wood reinforced with metal. He sailed his ship into the pack ice and hoped the Arctic currents would ‘float’ him to the North Pole. It remained frozen for 2 years. With a companion he tried unsuccessfully to walk the rest of the way. ( read Death and legacy) Sir James Clark Ross (1800-1862) was a British Royal Navy Officer and polar explorer was known for his 6 polar explorations of the Arctic. 2 with his uncle Sir John Ross, 4 with Sir William Parry and his own of the Antarctic (1839-1843). On June 1st 1831 a small party located the North magnetic Pole. Robert Edwin Peary Sr. (1856-1920) made 3 expeditions to the Arctic 1898-1902, 1905-6 and 1908/9. During the last one he claimed he had reached the North Pole. He paid for his trips by writing about his adventures in books and magazines. Matthew Alexander Henson (1866-1955), an African American, accompanied Robert Perry on 7 voyages to the Arctic spread over 23 years- 18 on expeditions. In the 1908/9 expedition he claimed that on April 6th 1909 he was the first of party of 6 to reach the North Pole. (Wally Herbert in 1989 published research that suggested they could have fallen 48-97 kms short due to navigational errors.) Carsten Borechgrevink (1964-1934) was an Anglo-Norwegian polar explorer and pioneer of modern Antarctica travel. The race to be first to the South Pole between Captain Robert Falcon Scott (1868-1912) and Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen 91864-1934) is in most history books. Amundsen was more organized and reached the South Pole on 14 December 1911 and went on in 12 May 1926 to be one of 16 men to reach the North Pole by the airship Norge ! Scott had already led 1 expedition to the Antarctic. Scott with his 5 friends arrived on 17 January 1912, less then 5 weeks later. They all died on the return journey. Scott kept a Diary. The diary revealed that on 17 March the sick Captain Oates walked out of the camp to die in the snow. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (1874-1922)was an Anglo-Irish explorer who led 3 British expeditions to the Antarctica. The Imperial Trans-Antarctica Expedition (1914-17) to cross the Antarctica from sea to sea struck disaster when the Endurance became trapped by packed ice and crushed. Lifeboats were launched to reach Elephant Island and ultimately South Georgia Island - a voyage of 720 nautical miles - his most famous exploit. In 1921 he returned to Antarctica but died of a heart attack.

Fai-ul-Aqtab Siddiqi - by profession is a barrister - he is a Muslim scholar and principal and founding trustee of the Hijaz College in Nuneaton, England. He is founder of the Hijaz Community. He is also National Convenor of the Muslim Action Committee and Secretary General of the International Muslims Organization. Professor Haroon Ahmed - is a scientist specialising the fields of microelectronics and electrical engineering. He is at the Cavendish Laboratory, the Physics Department of the University of Cambridge. Hasnat Khan -he is a heart and lung surgeon. best known for his relationship with Diana, Princess of Wales. Isabella Abbott (1919-2010) born in Hawaii -was an educator, phycologist, and ethnobotanist.She became a leading expert on Pacific Marine algae. Mohammad Naseem (1924-2014) -by profession a doctor- Muslim leader and political activist-was chairman of the Birmingham Mosque Trust (Central). Musharraf Hussain - scientist, educator and religious scholar in Nottingham, U.K. Chief Executive of the Karimia institute and author of Chief Editor of the Invitation a Muslim family magazine. He is also a senior trustee of Muslim Hands an international charity working in 50 countries. 2006 chair of the UK-Indonesian Islamic advisory group by Prime Minister. 2008-10 chairman of the Christian Muslim forum. Tariq Ali - a political activist, journalist, historian, filmmaker and public intellectual. Author of many books (See list and 5 covers). He contributes toThe Guardian Counter-Punch and London Review of Books. Ziauddin Sardar is a scholar, award winning writer, cultural critic and public intellectual who specialises in Muslim thought, the future of Islam, futurology, science and cultural relations - author and editor of more than 50 books.( See 6 covers)

Some basic information about Asians List of Asian people List of faiths, with numbers of followers, in Asian culture Percentage of Christians and showing dominant faith, in Asian countries List of Festivals and Celebrations Brief information on Cuisine

Academia and Education Humanities Sara Ahmed - professor of Race and Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London *Natural science Hassan Ehsan Masood - a science writer, journalist and broadcaster. Saiful Islam - professor of material Chemistry at the University of Bath, recipient of Royal Society Wolfson Research merit award Syma Knalid - biophysicist and Professor of Computable Biophysics in Chemistry at the University of Southampton. University Leadership and Executives Nazir Afzal - solicitor - spent most of his career in the Crown Prosecution Service. In 2018 became chair of the Corporation Board at Hopwood Hall College in Rochdale, Greater Manchester. Sayeeda Warsi, Baroness Warsi- lawyer, politician - former conservative party chairman and now member of the House of Lords (2007) Science and Medicine Nadia Bukhari - pharmacist - since 2003 she has been serving in academia at University College of London. She is the global lead at the International Pharmaceutical Federation (IPF) to promote gender equality in the pharmaceutical industry. In 2018 awarded the youngest Fellow of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. Also the first Muslim female to be on the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy for England,U.K… Quanta A. Ahmed - a physician specializing in sleep disorders. She is also an author, newspaper columnist and a women’s rights activist. Rozina Ali - a microvascular reconstructive plastic surgeon and consultant with special interest in breast reconstruction, plus also being a television presenter. Source Wikipedia

Pictures and brief information about 23 Asian actors not born in GB. Source Wikipdedia

I have put together 27 pictures of British born Asian actors. They come with a little piece of information about each of them. Source Wikipedii

I have put together 3 sheet connected with Global warming. There is a’Yes to ’ and 'No to 'sheet . The second sheet is a Thesaurus of hopefully useful list of positive words to use. The third sheet is Poetry Aid in case the children want to try and write a poem about Global Warming…

Sonia Gandhi, nee Maino, (1946) is an Indian politician born in Lusiana, Veneto, Italy. She is the President of the Indian National Congress. She took over as party leader in 1998, seven years after her husband Rajiv Gandhi, a former Prime Minister of India and a descendant of Mahatma Gandhi), had been assassinated in 1991. She remained in office until 2017 when their son Rahul Gandhi became president. He resigned in 2019 and Sonia became president again. She is widely described as one of the most powerful politicians in the country and is often listed among the most powerful women in the world Veronica Michelle Bachet Jeria (b 1951) served as President of Chile from 2006-2010, and 2014-2018. She is the first woman to hold the Chilean presidency and the first female leader in South America. She is the first president of Chile to be elected since 1932. Rogoberta Menchu (b1959) is a K’iche Guatemalan human rights activist, feminist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. She has dedicated her life to publicizing the rights of Guatemala’s indigenous people. She founded the country’s first indigenous political party - Winaq. She is the first Maya Indigenous woman to ever run in a Guatemalan election. In 2007 and 2011 she was a candidate for the presidential election. She lost in the first round on both occasions but Winaq succeeded in becoming the first indigenous political party of Guatemala.

Information from Wikipedia about 9 great Asian leaders. Qin Shi Huang (259-210 BC) first emperor of unified China Genghis Khan (c1158-1227) - originally known as Temujin, founder of the Mongol Empire - often regarded to be one of the greatest conqueror of all time. Timur (1336-1405) - first ruler and founder of the Timurid Empire - an undefeated commander and regarded as one of the greatest military leaders and tacticians in history. patron of educational and religious institutions. Kublai Khan (1215 -1294) - founder and first emperor of the Yuan dynasty (1271-1294) - first non-Han emperor to unite all of China Babur (1483-1530), born Zahir ud-Din Muhammad. founder and first emperor of the Mughal dynasty (c 1526-30) in the Indian subcontinent- national hero in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Oda Nobunaga (1534- 1582) - regarded as the the first ‘Great Unifier’ of Japan. Emperor Meiji (1852-1912) -first monarch of the Empire of Japan- instigated the transformation of Japan from an isolationist, feudal state to an industrialized world power. Mahatma Gandhi (1869- 1948 - an Indian lawyer, anti-colonialist and political ethicist who employed non violent resistance to successfully lead India’s independence from British rule. Bapu - father - he was considered to be the *Father of the Nation * in India. Mao Zedong - Chairman Mao (1893-1976) - founding father of the People’s Republic of China - a controversial figure- regarded as one of the most important individuals of the 20th century - credited with transforming china from a semicolony to a powerful sovereign state with increased literacy and life expectancy.

Mainly in Wikipedia I have found further information about 10 case studies mentioned in *The History of the Asian Community in Britain. Sake Dean Mahomed (1750-1851)- a surgeon. He the first Indian to publish a book in English. He also Introduced Bengali cuisine,plus shampoo baths and therapeutic massage to Europe. Dadabhai Naoroji (1825-1917)- the first Asian to become a British MP. Mancherjee Bhownaggree (1851-1933)- a British Conservative party politician. Shapurji Saklatvala (1874-1936 - first Indian politician to become an MP for the Labour party. He was also a member of the Communist Party. Kamal Chunchie became an ordained minister in the Methodist church. In 1926he started a mission called the Colour Men’s Institute in Canning Town, London - spoke 8 languages (died 1953 Jaint Dass Saggar (1898-1954) - an Indian doctor who became the first non-white local authority councilor in Scotland. V.K. Krishna Menon (1896-1974) - an Indian politician. Described by some as the second most powerful man in India. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru had most power. Read about his controversies. Mohinder Sigh Pujji (1918-2010) was a squadron leader in the RAF and a distinguished fighter pilot. He campaigned to raise awareness of the Indian contribution to the British war effort. In 2009 the RAF Museum in Cosford opened a permanent exhibition ‘Diversity in the RAF.’ Noor Inayat Khan (1914-1944) served in the Special Operations Executive (SOE). She was the first female wireless operator to be sent form the UK to occupied France. She was betrayed, captured and executed - posthumously awarded the George Cross.** Read her story on Wikipedia** Jayaben Desai (1933-2010) - always referred to as Mrs Desai, was a prominent female leader of the strikes in the Grunwick dispute in London in 1976

The History of the Asian Community in Britain is an excellent book - 45 pages of information- including 13 ‘case studies’ plus pictures. it begins in 1630s and takes through to Apache Indian -Steven Kapurat the beginning of the 21st century. ISBN 0750-32736-3. It was updated by Hodder Wayland in 2005. With a new cover it was updated in 2021. I have looked through the book and then gone into Wikipedia to find out extra information to cut down the research. East India Company appears for the first time on page 4. Abdul Karim - the Munshi is mentioned on page 9 Ayahs- Asian nannies are mentioned on pages 10/11. Lascars - Indian sailors are mentioned on pages 12/3. Kharchedji Rustomji Cama is mentioned on page 16 Cornelia Sorabji, the first woman to study law in Britain also o page 16 Rahjitsnhji, the cricketer, on page 17. Sophia Duleep Singh, a prominent suffragette, on page 24. Pedlars on page 30 Apache Indian (Steven Kapur) p45 This is my first attempt at Asian History’ !0 Case Studies mentioned in the book to follow. Work on Great Asian Leaders and Heroes to follow later.

Millions of birds migrate from the north to the south in early autumn to avoid the cold weather. I found a map which illustrates what happens. I have included 3 differentiated sheets… Also included some pictures from ‘The Bird Atlas’ written by Barbara Taylor and beautifully illustrated by Richard Orr.

A very colourful book full of good ideas for Autumn written by Clair Beaton. Published in 1997 by B. Small publishing ISBN 9781874735120. Well worth buying at £3.50 is still available or republished.

Jackie Robinson was one of the most influential sports figure of his day. he was the first African American to play Major League Basketball. He was the catalyst that broke basketball’s colour barrier. Malala Yousafzai is now 24. On 9th October 2012, aged 15 ,she was hit in the head from a bullet by a Tehrik-i Taliban Pakistan gunman who wanted to assassinate her for activism towards female education. She was transfered to the UK to recover… In 2014, aged 17, she became the world’s youngest Nobel Prize laureate. Pakistan’s Prime minister, Shahid Khaqan Abbasi, says she has become the country’s most prominent citizen. I am Malala: the girl who was stood up for Education and was shot by the Taliban Mohammad Ali, formerly known as Cassius Clay until 1964, was a world champion boxer. Changing his name was a religious and political act when he converted to Islam. In 1967 he became a conscience objector and refused to do military service in Vietnam for the USA saying it was against his religious and moral beliefs. He avoided jail but was stripped and banned from boxing. ln 1970 returned to the ring to win back his title. Rigoberta Menchu Tum is a K’iche Guatemalan human rights activist, feminist and Nobel Prize Laureate (1992). She rose in prominence in 1983. She has dedicated her life to publicizing the indigeous suffering of her people during and after the Guatemala Civil War (1960-99). She is a UNESCO goodwill anbassador. She founded the country’s first indigenous political party, Winaq. Tegia Loroupe is a Kenyan long distance track and road runner ( won the New York marathon in 1994 and 1995, plus other marathons). She is also a global spokeswoman for peace, women’s rights and education. In 2003 created the Tegia Loroupe Peace Foundation- created to promote friendship between people and gender equality. She organizes Peace marathons which are held in East Africa. In 2016 organized the Refugee Team for the Rio Summer Olympics in Rio. Wangari Muta Maathai (1940-2011) was a Kenyan social environmental and political activist. In 1977 she founded the Green belt Movement which focused on the planning of trees ( combating deforestation and soil erosion), environmental conservation and women’s rights. She felt by improving the environment she was creating a system that would encourage progress and peace In 2004 she was the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. In 2006 won the Indira Gandhi Peace prize. Sources People of Peace by Sandrine Mirza Wikipedia

Rosa Parks is best known for refusing to move to the back of the bus. She was an American civil rights activist. She came from Montgomery where her young pastor was Martin Luther King. She lived to be 92. She was laid in state in the rotunda of the U.S. capital. She was the first woman and only the second Black person to receive the distinction, Source used Encyclopedia Britannica

Richard Branson fulfilled a personal dream by going to the edge of Space. The picture I have chosen shows a very happy man fulfilling a dream. He beat his fellow billionaire Jeff Bezos by days to be the first billionaire space company founder to ride in his own spacecraft. Originally he was to fly on its second last flight but it was brought forward. I have created a phrase and vocabulary sheet - I created a blank so you could choose which of the 3 pictures you preferred. There is also a blank comic strip. I hope the children enjoy using the sheet.

Recently there has been a lot of news about Climate Change and the number of serious fires we are now experiencing . Over the years I have created several Phrase and Vocabulary sheets. Friend or Foe/ could be a good discussion/ starting point I have included a short story when, during a dispute, the green goddesses were trundled out in England - written by myself. There are also 2 poetry aids with a few ‘couplets’ included for starters. There is also a blank ‘comic’ strip and 2 best copy sheets. I have included 3 pages from a book called Emergency - the author describes how to put out a fire and describes the use of basic firefighting equipment. There is also a page about breathing apparatus. There is a general Rescue sheet. Finally I have included information about fire-engines/lorries/trucks and other vehicles. There are lots of FREE photocopiable sheets on firemen/fighters and fire engines available on Google. Sources Challenging the Physical Elements by Tony Batchelor Wikipedia What to do in an Emergency Reader’s Digest

I have put together some differentiated work about British Birds. The first 4 sheets are about the early stages of a bird’s life. The 5th sheet is a phrase and vocabulary sheet. There are then 2 illustration sheets followed by a Bird Cycle sheet. Nest Boxes comes from my Debate file - which might prove . I have differentiated my Poetry Aids and put together some simple’ couplets. There are 3 sheets for their final poetry efforts to be neatly written up on. Finally i have included 3 differentiated word searches with answers. Hopefully there is some material you will find useful. All the drawings used were created by David Woodroffe an established illustrator. Source Nature and Seasons by Tony Batchelor

In the Woods includes differentiated work covering the Primary years. The work was originally for Key Stage 2 pupils but I have added more pictorial work which hopefully the younger child will appreciate. It divides into 3 sections - prose, poetry and word searches Along with the In the Woods sheet I have included The countryside Code. I have put together several different best copy sheets, 3 having illustrations and 2 set up like a comic strip. For the poetry section I have started with the famous poem Starting by Woods by Robert Frost. I have then tried to build up away for the children to attempt writing poetry. First by taking 2 words and trying to write simple couplets, then encouraging them to attempt simple poetry. I have included 2 word searches. One is very simple - I wanted to included David’s picture of a hedgehog All the illustrations, are the work of David Woodroffe, a professional illustrator, except the last sheet.